Vancomycin (HCl)
Vancomycin is an antibiotic produced by soil bacillus Streptococcus orientalis. Vancomycin (HCl) is a complex glycopeptide. Vancomycin (HCl) is highly effective against cocci, especially staphylococci and other gram positive bacteria. Vancomycin (HCl) is administered intravenously or by intravenous infusion. Antibiotics require constant drug level in body for therapeutic effect. This is achieved by taking the drug at regular intervals of time throughout the day and night as prescribed. Vancomycin (HCl) is important to take the drug for the full time period as prescribed. Discontinuation of the drug may result in ineffective treatment.
Primary Characteristics
It is of Semi Synthetic origin and belongs to Glycopeptide.
It belongs to Peptidoglycan transpeptidase inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibiotics pharmacological group.
Molecular Weight: 1484.5 · Solubility in Water: > 1 in 10 · Solubility in Alcohol: 1 in 700 · Non-proprietary name: Vancomycin (HCl).
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Vancomycin (HCl) has an oral bioavailability is 35.5% (±4.5%).
Distribution: Vancomycin (HCl) has a volume of distribution is 0.6 l/kg. plasma protein binding is 50 %.
Elimination: plasma half-life is 5 - 11 hr, renal excretion is 90 %.
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Indications
Vancomycin (HCl) is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute leukemia, Bacteremia, Brain abscesses, Chronic myeloid leukaemia, Colitis, Constipation and bowel evacuation, Endocarditis, Endocarditis prophylaxis, Endocarditis treatment, Meningitis, Peritonitis, Persistant neutropenia in advanced hiv infection, Prior to radiological procedures and surgery.
Contraindications
None recorded.
Dosage
Vancomycin (HCl)'s dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 500 mg/ml of water | 500 mg/ml of water | Every 6h | IV Inf | Dose should be administered at no more than 10 mg/min or over a period of 1 hour. |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 0.25 mg/kg.min | 0.25 mg/kg.min | Every 8h | IV Infusion | For 60 Minutes |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 0.25 mg/kg.min | 0.25 mg/kg.min | Every 8h | IV Infusion | For 60 Minutes |
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Vancomycin (HCl) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Nephrotoxicity, Uremia, Renal damage, Hematuria, Proteinuria. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
Vancomycin (HCl) is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Eosinophilia, Fever, Flushing, Hypotension , Red Man syndrome, Redness, Urticarial skin rash.
Warnings / Precautions
Available Brands
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.6.2.1.4 — Other inhibitors of cell wall synthesis