Aztreonam

Also known as: Azthreonam,

Drug #71

Aztreonam is a monobactam antibiotic. It has a monocyclic ß lactam ring. Aztreonam is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. Antibiotics require constant drug level in body for therapeutic effect. This is achieved by taking the drug at regular interval of time throughout the day and night as prescribed.Aztreonam is important to take the drug for the full time period as prescribed. If you discontinue the drug it may result in ineffective treatment. May be used cautiously in patients allergic to PENICILLINS and CEPHALOSPORINS.

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Primary Characteristics

Aztreonam is also known as Azthreonam, .

It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Propionic Acid.

It belongs to Peptidoglycan synthesis inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibiotics pharmacological group.

Molecular Weight: 435.4 · pK_a: 2.6 · Solubility in Water: high · Solubility in Alcohol: very low · Non-proprietary name: Aztreonam.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Aztreonam has an oral bioavailability is 1%.

Distribution: Aztreonam has a volume of distribution is 0.18 l/kg. plasma protein binding is 56%.

Elimination: it is metabolised via ~ 20%, plasma half-life is 1.7 hr, renal excretion is > 66%.

Indications

Aztreonam is primarily indicated in conditions like Gonorrhoea, Gonorrhoea/cystitis, Infiltration anaesthesia (higher strengths for dental use only), Labor, Muscle relaxation (long duration) for surgery and intubation, Pyelonephritis, Respiratory tract infections, Septicaemia, Urinary tract infection, Zollinger-ellison syndrome.

Contraindications

Aztreonam is contraindicated in conditions like Hypersensitivity, Pregnancy.

Dosage

Aztreonam's dosage details are as follows:

Dose	Single Dose	Frequency	Route	Instructions
Adult Dosage
2250 mg	2250 mg	Every 12h	Slow IV	Over 3-5 Minutes
Paediatric Dosage (20kg)
30 mg/kg	30 mg/kg	Every 8h	Intramuscular
30 mg/kg	30 mg/kg	Every 8h	Intravenous
Neonatal Dosage (3kg)
40 mg/kg	40 mg/kg	Every 8h	Intramuscular	Dose for children over 1 month
40 mg/kg	40 mg/kg	Every 8h	Intravenous	Dose for children over 1 month

Drug Interactions

None recorded.

Side Effects

Aztreonam in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Exfoliative dermatitis , Pseudomembranous colitis , Eosinophilia .

Aztreonam produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Anaphylactic reactions. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.

Aztreonam is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Diarrhea, Elevation of liver enzymes, Nausea, Reaction at injection site, Thrombophlebitis , Urticaria, Vomiting .

Warnings / Precautions

Aztreonam should be used with caution in patients with penicillin hypersensitivity or cephalosporin hypersensitivity, because of the structural similarities of aztreonam to penicillin and cephalosporins, these patients are more susceptible to hypersensitivity reactions. Appropriate monitoring is recommended in case of kidney or liver impairment. Take appropriate measures in case of secondary infection.

Interference in Pathology

Aztreonam may interfere in the diagnosis of FAlse +ve reaction for Urinary glucose with Benedicts, Fehlings or CuSO4 tes tablest. .

Available Brands

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Single Ingredient

Inj

1 g/vial 500 mg/vial

Storage Conditions

Aztreonam should be stored Dry Powder for Inj. Prefrozen Inj. Thawed.

Drug Classification

1.6.2.1.4 — Other inhibitors of cell wall synthesis

Manufacturers

Manufacturers of Aztreonam in Pakistan:

GSK