Sulphacetamide
Also known as: Sulfacetamide
Sulphacetamide is a synthetic sulfonamide antibiotic for ophthalmic or topical administration. Sulfacetamide, because Sulphacetamide is water soluble and because a 30% solution has a pH of 7.4, is an ideal sulfonamide for ophthalmic administration. Despite the favorable pharmaceutical properties, use of sulfonamides in general has declined due to development of resistance.
Primary Characteristics
Sulphacetamide is also known as Sulfacetamide, Sulphacetamide Sodium.
It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Sulphonamide.
It belongs to Dihyropteroate synthetase inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibacterial pharmacological group. It is also classified under Dermatological Products .
Molecular Weight: 254.2 · pKa: 5.78 · Solubility in Water: 1 in 1.5 · Solubility in Alcohol: 1 in 30 - 100 · Non-proprietary name: Sulphacetamide · pH: 8.7 · Isotonic value: 3.85.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Sulphacetamide has an oral bioavailability is 101%.
Distribution: Sulphacetamide has a plasma protein binding is 80 - 85 %.
Elimination: it is metabolised via Partially Hepatic, plasma half-life is 7 - 13 hr, renal excretion is major.
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Indications
Sulphacetamide is primarily indicated in conditions like Blepharitis, Conjuctivitis, Eye infections, Vaginosis.
Contraindications
Sulphacetamide is contraindicated in conditions like Herpes simplex infections, Renal failure, Corneal infection.
Dosage
Sulphacetamide's dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 20 % | 20 % | Every 6h | Ophthalmic | |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 30 % | 30 % | — | Opthalmic | As Required |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| No data. | ||||
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Sulphacetamide in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Conjunctivitis, Skin rashes , Corneal plaques .
Sulphacetamide produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Stevens Johnson syndrome, Erythema multiforme. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
Sulphacetamide is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Blurred vision, Burning, Stinging on application, Vaginal irritation.
Warnings / Precautions
Available Brands
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.6.2.2.8 — Sulphonamides and trimethoprim
- 2.21.1.1 — Antibacterials