Pyridostigmine (Br)
Pyridostigmine (Br) is a quaternary ammonium cholinesterase inhibitor. Pyridostigmine (Br) is a muscular stimulant. It has longer duration of action than that of neostigmine. Pyridostigmine (Br) is used in the chronic management of myasthenia gravis.Pyridostigmine (Br) is also used to reverse the actions of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers after surgery. Pyridostigmine was approved by the FDA in 1955.
Primary Characteristics
It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Quaternary Ammonium.
It belongs to Cholinestrase inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Cholinergic Agonist pharmacological group. It is also classified under Antidotes .
Molecular Weight: 261.1 · pKa: strongly basic · Solubility in Water: > 1 in 1 · Solubility in Alcohol: > 1 in 1 · Non-proprietary name: Pyridostigmine (Br) · pH: 7.2 · Isotonic value: 4.13.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Pyridostigmine (Br) has an oral bioavailability is 45.5% (±4.5%).
Distribution: Pyridostigmine (Br) has a volume of distribution is 0.53 - 1.8 l/kg. plasma protein binding is negligible.
Elimination: plasma half-life is 0.38 - 1.9 hr, renal excretion is 90%.
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Indications
Pyridostigmine (Br) is primarily indicated in conditions like Myasthenia gravis, Paralytic ileus, Urinary retention, Urinary retention.
Contraindications
Pyridostigmine (Br) is contraindicated in conditions like Intestinal obstruction, Urinary obstruction.
Dosage
Pyridostigmine (Br)'s dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 3.5 mg/dose | 3.5 mg/dose | Every 2.4h | IV,IM | |
| 60 – 180 mg | — | — | PO | In Divided doses for Myasthenia Gravis |
| 750 mg | 750 mg | — | PO | In Divided doses for Myasthenia Gravis |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 3 mg/kg | 3 mg/kg | Every 6h | Oral | Adjust Dose as per response obtained |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 2.187 mg/kg | 2.187 mg/kg | Every 6h | Oral | Initial dose , then adjust according to response |
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Pyridostigmine (Br) in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Hallucinations , Disorientation , Anxiety , Epilepsy , Loss of consciousness.
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Pyridostigmine (Br) are Dizziness, Salivation , Sweating , Abdominal pain, Bradycardia, Diarrhea, Depolarizing block.
Pyridostigmine (Br) is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include SweatingX.
Warnings / Precautions
Available Brands
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.20 — Muscle relaxants and cholinesterase inhibitors