Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate
Also known as: Isorbide, Mononitrate, Elantan, Ismo +1 more
Isosorbide 5-MononIitrate is a potent coronary vasodialator used for prophylaxis of angina. An active metabolite of Isosorbide dinitrate, Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate is not metabolized further and may thus have a more predictable effect. Adverse effects are similar toGlyceral Trinitrate.
Primary Characteristics
Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate is also known as Isorbide, Mononitrate, Elantan, Ismo, Monocedocord.
It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Nitrates.
It belongs to EDRF (NO) agonist pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Vasodilators pharmacological group. It is also classified under Antianginal Agents .
Molecular Weight: 191.1 · Solubility in Water: Freely soluble · Solubility in Alcohol: Freely soluble · Non-proprietary name: Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate has an oral bioavailability is 50% (±50%).
Distribution: Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate has a volume of distribution is 0.7 l/kg. plasma protein binding is <5%.
Elimination: it is metabolised via Hepatic, plasma half-life is 4-5 hr, renal excretion is 2%.
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Indications
Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate is primarily indicated in conditions like Congestive heart failure, Prevention and treatment of scurvy, Prophylaxis of angina.
Contraindications
Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate is contraindicated in conditions like Glucoma, Cardiogenic shock, Obstructive cardiomyopathy, Constrictive pericarditis, Low cardiac filling pressure, Raised intracranial pressure, Aortic stenosis, Mitral stenosis, Hypersensitivity, Acute circulatory failure, Severe hypotension, Pericardiac tamponade, Arterial hypoxemia, Orthostatic disturbance of circulatory regulation.
Dosage
Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate's dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 20 – 120 mg | — | — | PO | 2 or 3 times a day |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 0 – 0 | — | — | Not recommended in this age group | |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 0 – 0 | — | — | Not recommended in this age group | |
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Hypotension , Hypotension , Orthostatic hypotension , Collapse , Decreased cardiac output , Paradoxical bradycardia .
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate are Hypotension, Tachycardia , Cardiac arrhythmias, Confusion , Palpitations , Headache, Syncope , Neurologic deficit, Increased intracranial pressure, Cyanosis, Flushed skin.
Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Allergic skin reactions, Apprehension, dizziness, Fecal incontinence, Headache, Hypotension , Myalgia, Nausea, Orthostatic hypotension, Palpitation, Urinary incontinence, Vertigo, Vomiting , Weakness.
Warnings / Precautions
Interference in Pathology
Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate may interfere in the diagnosis of False decrease in serum cholestrol in Zlotkis-Zak Colour reaction , Increases the Urinary conc. of Catecholamines and its metabolites .
Available Brands
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.12.1 — Antianginal drugs