Ifosfamide
Ifosfamide is anticancer drug, also called as antineoplastic agent. Ifosfamide is used in the treatment of different cancers to slow or stop abnormally growing cells. Ifosfamide is used in combination with different anticancer drugs in the treatment of cancers to obtain best therapeutic effects and to reduce toxicity or side effects. Ifosfamide is an alkylating agent with properties similar to those of cyclophosphamide.
Primary Characteristics
It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Oxazaphosphorine.
It belongs to Alkylating Agents pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antineoplastic Agent, Alkylating Agent pharmacological group.
Molecular Weight: 261.1 · Solubility in Water: freely soluble · Solubility in Alcohol: Very soluble · Non-proprietary name: Ifosfamide.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Ifosfamide has an oral bioavailability is 46% (±46%).
Distribution: Ifosfamide has a volume of distribution is 4.87±7.21 l/kg. plasma protein binding is nil.
Elimination: it is metabolised via Hepatic, plasma half-life is 4-15 hr, renal excretion is 69 %.
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Indications
Ifosfamide is primarily indicated in conditions like Breast cancer, Cervical carcinoma, Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, Lung cancer, Ovarian cancer, Soft tissue sarcoma, Testicular cancer.
Ifosfamide is also indicated for secondary conditions like Carcinoma of pancrease, Head and neck cancer, Malignant lymphoma, Non-hodgkin's lymphoma, Non-hodgkin's lymphoma, Osteosarcoma, Pediatric solid tumors.
Contraindications
Ifosfamide is contraindicated in conditions like UTI, Bone marrow aplasia, Impaired hepatic function, Myelosuppression, Impaired renal function, Hypersensitivity, Prior urothelial toxicity.
Dosage
Ifosfamide's dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 8 – 12 g/m2 | — | — | IV | divided over 3 to 5 days repeated at 2 to 4 weeks intervals. |
| 5.5 g/ sq.meter | 5.5 g/ sq.meter | — | IV | 3-4 times in a week. To maximum of 10gm. |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 1500 mg/sq.meter | 1500 mg/sq.meter | Every 24h | Intra Venous | For 5 Days, every 21-28 day cycle |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| No data. | ||||
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Ifosfamide in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Nephrotoxicity , Neutropenia , Seizures , Hematuria, Renal toxicity , Hypophosphatemic rickets, Leukopenia, Renal tubular necrosis.
Ifosfamide produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Hypokalemia, Encephalopathy , CNS toxicity, Hypokalemia, Logomania, Palilalia, Perseveration, Disorientation. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Ifosfamide are Myelosuppression , Hemorrhagic cystitis.
Ifosfamide is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Alopecia, Ataxia, Azotemia, Confusion, Drowsiness, Dysuria, Nausea, Restlessness, Vomiting .
Warnings / Precautions
Interference in Pathology
Ifosfamide may interfere in the diagnosis of False positive test for urinary ketones by Rotheras Test, Multistix reagent strip method, May occur in pateints receiving mesn.
Available Brands
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.8.2 — Cytotoxic (anti-neoplastic) drugs