Idoxuridine

Drug #375

Idoxuridine is a pyrimidine analog. Reseach in antiviral chemotherapy began in the early 1950s, when the search for cancer treatments generated several new compounds capable of inhibiting viral DNA synthesis. Idoruxidine was the first antiviral agent to be approved. Idoxuridine is used topically but because of the lack of selectivity Idoxuridine is too toxic for systemic administration.Used topically for treating herpes simplex infections of the skin & enternal genitalia.

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Primary Characteristics

It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Thymidine.

It belongs to Antiviral Agents pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action. It is also classified under Opthalmic Products .

Molecular Weight: 354.1 · pK_a: 8.25 · Solubility in Water: slightly soluble · Solubility in Alcohol: slightly soluble · Non-proprietary name: Idoxuridine.

Pharmacokinetics

Distribution: Idoxuridine has a plasma protein binding is nil.

Elimination: plasma half-life is 30 min, renal excretion is 43%(metabolite).

Indications

Idoxuridine is primarily indicated in conditions like Cutaneous herpes simplex, Cutaneous herpes zoster, Herpes simplex keratitis, Soft tissue sarcoma.

Contraindications

Idoxuridine is contraindicated in conditions like Dermatographia, Hypersensitivity.

Dosage

Idoxuridine's dosage details are as follows:

Dose	Single Dose	Frequency	Route	Instructions
Adult Dosage
0.1 mg	0.1 mg	—	Ophthalmic	Initially per hour for 12 hours
0.1 mg	0.1 mg	—	Ophthalmic	Maintenance per 2 hour, As Required
0.5 %	0.5 %	—	Opthalimc Ointment	As required
5 %	5 %	—	Topical	As Required , 4 times day for 4 days.
Paediatric Dosage (20kg)
0 – 0	—	—	—	Not Recommended in this Age Group
Neonatal Dosage (3kg)
0 – 0	—	—		Not recommended in this age group

Drug Interactions

Unknown1 interaction

Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.

Side Effects

Idoxuridine in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Alopecia , Thrombocytopenia , Stomatitis , Leucopenia, Punctate keratitis , Epithelial degeneration .

Idoxuridine produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Liver damage, Bone marrow, potential carcinogen & tetratogen, Deppression. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.

Idoxuridine is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Contact dermatitis, Corneal clouding, Follicular conjunctivitis, Heaviness of the lid, Lacrimation, Maceration of the skin, Pain , Photophobia , Pruritus , Stinging, Stippling.

Warnings / Precautions

Idoxuridine should be used with caution in condition where there is deep ulceration of the cornea. Prolonged topical use should be avoided. Avoid use during pregnancy. Corticosteroids should be applied with caution in patients also receiving idoxuridine, as they may accelerate the spread of viral infection. Boric acid preparation should not be applied to the eye in patients receiving eye preparation of idoxuridine, because irritation may occur.

Available Brands

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Single Ingredient

Eye Gel

10 %w/w

Storage Conditions

Idoxuridine should be stored Eye Drops, Eye Oint. Soln.

Drug Classification

1.6.5.2 — Antiretroviral drugs
2.21.1.2 — Antivirals

Manufacturers

Manufacturers of Idoxuridine in Pakistan:

Pacific