Glucose

Also known as: Dextrose, Glucose Anhydrous

Drug #342

Glucose is aldohexose also known as dextrose, occuring as the D-form and found as a free monosaccharide in fruits and other plants and in the normal blood of all animals. Glucose is the chief source of energy for living organisms, its utilization is being controlled by insulin.

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Primary Characteristics

Glucose is also known as Dextrose, Glucose Anhydrous.

It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Carbohydrate.

It is classified in Parenteral Nutrition pharmacological group.

Molecular Weight: 180.2 · Solubility in Water: Freely Soluble · Solubility in Alcohol: Springly Soluble · Non-proprietary name: Glucose.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Glucose has an oral bioavailability is 100%.

Distribution: Glucose has a volume of distribution is 11.4-24.5 litre. plasma protein binding is negligible.

Elimination: plasma half-life is 43 min.

Indications

Glucose is primarily indicated in conditions like Carbohydrate depletion, Dehydration, Energy source, Fluid depletion, Hypoglycaemia, Water replacement.

Glucose is also indicated for secondary conditions like Cerebral oedema, Varicose veins.

Contraindications

Glucose is contraindicated in conditions like Diabetes mellitus, Anuria, Thiamine deficiency, Trauma, Intracranial hemorrhage, Sepsis, Hypophosphataemia, Haemodilution, Acute ischaemic stroke.

Dosage

Glucose's dosage details are as follows:

Dose	Single Dose	Frequency	Route	Instructions
Adult Dosage
5 – 50 %	—	—	IV Inf	As required
500 – 800 mg/ kg/hr	—	—	IV Inf	As Required
Paediatric Dosage (20kg)
No data.
Neonatal Dosage (3kg)
No data.

Drug Interactions

Unknown4 interactions

Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.

Side Effects

Glucose in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Seizures , Diabetes mellitus, Water intoxication , Anaphylactoid reactions .

Glucose produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Coma, Heart failure, Edema, Sodium retention. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.

Glucose is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Hypokalemia , Hypomagnesemia, Hypophosphatemia, Pain at injection site, Paresthesias, Thrombophlebitis , Vein irritation.

Warnings / Precautions

Perform clinical evaluations and laboratory determination to monitor fluid balance, electrolytes concentration and acid-base balance. There may be the chances of hyperglycemia and glycosuria in such conditions slow the infusion rate monitor blood or urine glucose, if necessary administered insulin. When concentrated glucose infusion is abruptly withdrawn, administered 5% or 10% glucose.

Available Brands

Click on a strength to view available brands.

Single Ingredient

Inf

10 %w/v 25 %w/v 25 g 5 %w/v 5 g

Inj

10 %w/v 25 %w/v 3.3 g 5 %w/v 5000 IU

Inj-IV

25 %w/v 5 %w/v

Soln

5 %w/v

Multi-Ingredient Combinations

Inf

10 %w/v 112.5 g/1000ml 135 g/1000ml 150 g/1000ml 240 g/1000ml 3.3 %w/v 4.3 %w/v 5 %w/v 5 g/L

Inj

4.3 %w/v 5 %w/v 8.25 %w/v

Liquid

10 g/500ml

Oral Soln

10 g/500ml

Sachet

13.5 g 20 g 3.56 g/5.177g

Soln

1.5 %w/v 1.5 g/L 10 g/500ml 10 mg/500ml 15 g/L 17 g/L 20 g/L 4.25 g/L

Syrup

3.96 mg/5ml

Storage Conditions

Glucose should be stored Inj.

Drug Classification

1.26.2.2 — Caloric solutions

Manufacturers

Manufacturers of Glucose in Pakistan: