Floxacillin (Na)
Also known as: Flucloxacillin, Flucloxacillinum natricum, Flucloxacilina Sodica
Floxacillin (Na) is a penicillinase resistant, semisynthetic penicillin which has been used primarily in the treatment of infections due to benzylpenicillin-resistant staphylococci. Penicillins are active against most bacteria especially gram positive pathogen (streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci), some negative starins (gonococci, meningoccocci), some spirochetes and some fungi. The structure of flucloxacillin consists of a thiazolidine ring connected to a ß lactam ring, which is attached to a side chain. Antibiotics require constant drug level in body for therapeutic effect. This is achieved by taking the drug at regular interval of time throughout the day and night as prescribed. Floxacillin (Na) is important to take the drug for the full time period as prescribed. If you discontinue the drug it may result in ineffective treatment.
Primary Characteristics
Floxacillin (Na) is also known as Flucloxacillin, Flucloxacillinum natricum, Flucloxacilina Sodica.
It is of Semi Synthetic origin and belongs to Isoxazolylpenicillin.
It belongs to Peptidoglycan synthesis inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibiotics pharmacological group.
Molecular Weight: 493.9 · pKa: 2.7 · Solubility in Water: Freely Soluble · Solubility in Alcohol: Soluble · Non-proprietary name: Floxacillin (Na) · pH: 5.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Floxacillin (Na) has an oral bioavailability is 85% (±5%), pre-systemic (first-pass) metabolism accounts for 0.5% (±0.5%).
Distribution: Floxacillin (Na) has a volume of distribution is 8-21 litre. plasma protein binding is 94.7%.
Elimination: it is metabolised via Hepatic, plasma half-life is 43-78 min, renal excretion is 80%.
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Indications
Floxacillin (Na) is primarily indicated in conditions like Bacterial infections, Cellulitis, Endocarditis, Food allergy, Impetigo, Meningitis, Osteomyelitis, Otitis externa, Respiratory tract infections, Reversal of non-depolarisisng neuromuscular blockade, Septicaemia, Skin infections, Small cell carcinoma, Soft tissue infections, Staphylococcal enterocolitis, UTI.
Floxacillin (Na) is also indicated for secondary conditions like Cardiothoracic surgery, Orthopaedic surgery.
Contraindications
None recorded.
Dosage
Floxacillin (Na)'s dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 250 mg | 250 mg | Every 4h | I/M | |
| 187.5 mg/kg | 187.5 mg/kg | Every 4h | Inhalation | Desolved in 3 mL of sterile water and inhaled by nebuliser. |
| 625 mg | 625 mg | Every 4h | IV | Slow IV for 3-4 mins or by IV infusion. |
| 250 – 250 mg | — | Every 4h | PO | |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 0 – 6.25 mg | — | Every 4h | Oral | Under 2 Years |
| 250 mg | 250 mg | Every 4h | Slow IV | (2-10 Years) |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 7.81 mg/kg | 7.81 mg/kg | Every 6h | Oral | |
| 12.5 mg/kg | 12.5 mg/kg | Every 6h | Slow Intavenous | |
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Floxacillin (Na) in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Blood dyscrasias , Cholestatic jaundice , Neutropenia , Cholestasis , Nephritis .
Floxacillin (Na) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Pseudomembranous colitis , Anaphylaxis . Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Floxacillin (Na) are Diarrhea, Vomiting, Abdominal discomfort, Nausea.
Floxacillin (Na) is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include GI adverse effects, Phlebitis .
Warnings / Precautions
Interference in Pathology
Floxacillin (Na) may interfere in the diagnosis of HPLC Assay for Baclofen in Plasma , Guthrie screening Test for phenylketonuria .
Available Brands
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Multi-Ingredient Combinations
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.6.2.1.1 — Penicillins