Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na)
Colistin (Sulphate and Sulphomethate Na) is antibiotic and is used to treat bacterial infections. Colistin is marketed only for oral administration in the treatment of intestinal infections. Colistin (Sulphate and Sulphomethate Na) is also used topically in the treatment of some external ear infections. Antibiotics require constant drug level in body for therapeutic effect. This is achieved by taking the drug at regular interval of time throughout the day and night as prescribed. Colistin (Sulphate and Sulphomethate Na) is important to take the drug for the full time period as prescribed. If you discontinue the drug it may result in ineffective treatment.
Primary Characteristics
It is of Natural origin and belongs to Polymyxin.
It belongs to Antibiotic (Cell Wall) pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibiotics pharmacological group.
Molecular Weight: 1170 · pKa: at 25 degree centigrade 12.1 · Solubility in Water: soluble · Non-proprietary name: Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na).
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na) has an oral bioavailability is 2.5% (±2.5%), pre-systemic (first-pass) metabolism accounts for 0.5% (±0.5%).
Distribution: Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na) has a plasma protein binding is low.
Elimination: plasma half-life is 4-8 hr, renal excretion is 80%.
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Indications
Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na) is primarily indicated in conditions like Benign gastric and duodenal ulcers, Bladder irrigation, Bowel sterilization, Decontamination of digestive tract, GI infections, Metastatic germ cell cancer, Oedema, Oliguria due to renal failure, Respiratory tract infections, Superficial infections, Systemic infections.
Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na) is also indicated for secondary conditions like Cystic fibrosis.
Contraindications
Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na) is contraindicated in conditions like Myasthenia gravis, Pregnancy, Breast feeding.
Dosage
Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na)'s dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 3.75 mg/kg | 3.75 mg/kg | Every 8h | IM | 2-4 equal doses |
| 60 mg | 60 mg | Every 8h | Inhalation | every 12 hours |
| 3.75 mg/kg.r | 3.75 mg/kg.r | Every 8h | IV | 2-4 equal doses |
| 2.25 millionunits/kg | 2.25 millionunits/kg | Every 8h | PO | |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 0.037 millionunits/kg | 0.037 millionunits/kg | Every 8h | Oral | single dose 0.74 |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 0.031 million units/kg | 0.031 million units/kg | Every 8h | oral | single dose 0.093 |
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na) in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include kidney dysfunction.
Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Nephrotoxicity, Neurotoxicity . Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na) are Renal insufficiency, Muscle weakness, Apnea.
Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na) is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Circumoral paresthesia, Confusion, dizziness, Fever, Muscular weakness, Peripheral neuropathy, Respiratory insufficiency, Urticaria, Vertigo, Vomiting .
Warnings / Precautions
Interference in Pathology
Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na) may interfere in the diagnosis of Tests for estimating urinary amino acids. .
Available Brands
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.6.2.2.10 — Polymyxins
Manufacturers
Manufacturers of Colistin (Sulphate & Sulphomethate Na) in Pakistan: