Chlorpromazine (HCl)
Also known as:
Chlorpromazine (HCl) is the hydrochloride salt of chlorpromazine which is a phenothiazine derivative. It is used as an antiemetic, antipsychotic and tranquilizer. Chlorpromazine (HCl) is administered by rectal suppositories.
Primary Characteristics
Chlorpromazine (HCl) is also known as , Thorazine, Majortranginlizer, neoroleptic.
It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Phenothiazine.
It belongs to D2 antagonist pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antipsychotic Agent pharmacological group. It is also classified under Antiemetic/Antivertigo Agents .
Molecular Weight: 355.3 · pKa: 9.3 · Solubility in Water: 1 in 1.4 · Solubility in Alcohol: 1 in 0.4 · Non-proprietary name: Chlorpromazine (HCl).
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Chlorpromazine (HCl) has an oral bioavailability is 48% (±48%), pre-systemic (first-pass) metabolism accounts for 39% (±39%).
Distribution: Chlorpromazine (HCl) has a volume of distribution is 7 l/kg. plasma protein binding is 92-99%.
Elimination: it is metabolised via complete via liver, plasma half-life is 30 hr, renal excretion is 37%.
Advertisement
Indications
Chlorpromazine (HCl) is primarily indicated in conditions like Agitation, Agitation and restlessness in the elderly, Autism, Childhood schizophrenia, Conduct disorder with hyperactivity, Control of agitated states in elderly without confusion, Enhance permeation of SC or IM inj, Hiccup due to gastric distension in palliative care, Induction of labour, Intractable hiccup, Locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer, Mania, NSAID-associated gastric and duodenal ulcers, Prevention and treatment of haemorrhage due to incomplete abortion, Prevention of vascular headache, Prostate cancer, Psychosis, Renal function testing, Rhinitis, Schizophrenia and other psychoses.
Chlorpromazine (HCl) is also indicated for secondary conditions like Comatose states, Hiccup, Induction of hypothermia, Muscular spasm, Nausea and vomiting, Porphyria, Pre-operative sedation, Restlessness and confusion in palliative care.
Contraindications
Chlorpromazine (HCl) is contraindicated in conditions like Epilepsy, Myasthenia gravis, Narrow-angle glaucoma, Parkinson's disease, Depressed level of conciousness.
Dosage
Chlorpromazine (HCl)'s dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 38 mg | 38 mg | — | IV,IM | Repeated every 4-6hours. To maximum of 400 mg. |
| 17.5 mg | 17.5 mg | Every 8h | PO | |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 0.5 mg/kg | 0.5 mg/kg | Every 6h | Intra Muscular | Should not be used under 6 months of age. |
| 0.5 mg/kg | 0.5 mg/kg | Every 6h | Intra Venous | Should not be used under 6 months of age. |
| 0.5 mg/kg | 0.5 mg/kg | Every 6h | Oral | Should not be used under 6 months of age. |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 0.5 mg/kg | 0.5 mg/kg | Every 4h | Intramuscular | |
| 0.5 mg/kg | 0.5 mg/kg | Every 4h | Intravenous | |
| 0.5 mg/kg | 0.5 mg/kg | Every 4h | oral | |
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Chlorpromazine (HCl) in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Cholestatic jaundice , Cholestatic jaundice , Photosensitivity , Paralytic ileus , Impotence , Blood dyscrasias , Gynecomastia, Respiratory failure, bilirubinemia, icterus, blood dyscrasias.
Chlorpromazine (HCl) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Seizures , Blood dyscrasias, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome , Temperature disorders, Ventricular arrhythmias, Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, Jaundice , Tradive dyskinesia. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Chlorpromazine (HCl) are Hypotension, Tachycardia , Coma, Hypothermia, Tachypnea, Decreased diastolic BP, Somnolence.
Chlorpromazine (HCl) is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Acute dystonia, Adverse behavioral reactions, Akathisia, Allergic reactions, Amenorrhea, anticholnergic efforts, Blurred vision, Constipation , Decrease in libido, Diaphoresis, Dizziness, Drowsiness, Dry mouth, faintness, Galactorrhea, Headache, HyperprolactinemiaX, Insomnia, Nasal stiffiness, Ocular complicaions , Palpitations, Skin pigmentation, Skin rashes, Urinary retention, Weight gain, worsening of glaucoma, Xerostomia .
Warnings / Precautions
Interference in Pathology
Chlorpromazine (HCl) may interfere in the diagnosis of Urinary Ferric Chloride test for phenylketonuria may be falsely positive. , Altered urinary excretion of vanillylmandelic acid, 17-ketosteroids and 17-OH corticosteroids. , Immunological Tests for Pregnancy may be falsely positive. .
Available Brands
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.24.1 — Drugs used in psychotic disorders