Chlorpheniramine (Maleate)
Also known as: Chlorphenamine Maleate
Chlorpheniramine (Maleate) is the maleate salt of chlorpheniramine. Chlorpheniramine is an antihistaminic agent derived from pheniramine. Chemically it is gamma-(4-chlorophenyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2-pyridinepropanamin. Administered orally or by subcutaneous injection for therapy and prophylaxis in conditions in which antihistamines may be effective.
Primary Characteristics
Chlorpheniramine (Maleate) is also known as Chlorphenamine Maleate.
It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Alkylamine.
It belongs to H1-antagonist pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action.
Molecular Weight: 274.88 · pKa: 9.2 · Solubility in Water: 1 in 5 · Solubility in Alcohol: 1 in 3 · Non-proprietary name: Chlorpheniramine (Maleate).
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Chlorpheniramine (Maleate) has an oral bioavailability is 37.5% (±12.5%), pre-systemic (first-pass) metabolism accounts for 10%.
Distribution: Chlorpheniramine (Maleate) has a volume of distribution is 1-1 l/kg. plasma protein binding is 69-72%.
Elimination: it is metabolised via moderate,hepatic, plasma half-life is 43 hours, renal excretion is 50%.
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Indications
Chlorpheniramine (Maleate) is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute urticaria, Advanced ovarian cancer, Allergic conjunctivitis, Angiooedema, Atopic dermatitis, Chronic urticaria, Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reaction, Seasonal allergic rhinitis, Transcervical operative procedures in first trimester.
Chlorpheniramine (Maleate) is also indicated for secondary conditions like Common cold.
Contraindications
Chlorpheniramine (Maleate) is contraindicated in conditions like Hypersensitivity.
Dosage
Chlorpheniramine (Maleate)'s dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 15 mg | 15 mg | Every 24h | IV,IM,SC | Slow IV over a period of 1 minute. total dose should not exceed 40 mg. |
| 4 – 24 mg | — | Every 6h | PO | Max. 24 mg daily |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 0.375 mg/kg | 0.375 mg/kg | Every 24h | Intra Muscular | |
| 0.375 mg | 0.375 mg | Every 24h | Intra Venous | Maximum dose= 12mg |
| 0.5 – 12 mg | — | Every 6h | Oral | |
| 87.5 – 0 mcg/kg | — | Every 6h | Subcutaneous | |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 0.1 mg/kg | 0.1 mg/kg | Every 8h | oral | |
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Chlorpheniramine (Maleate) in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Sinus tachycardia , Jaundice , Seizures , Hypertension , CNS stimulation, Jaundice .
Chlorpheniramine (Maleate) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Bone marrow suppression. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Chlorpheniramine (Maleate) are Coma, Fever, Convulsions , Hypotension, Dryness of mucous, Flushing membrane, Unconsciousness, Pupillary dilatation, Urinary retention.
Chlorpheniramine (Maleate) is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Abdominal pain, Blood dyscrasias, Blurred vision, Constipation , Drowsiness, Dry mouth, Facial dyskinesias, Fatigue, Nausea, Palpitation, Polyuria, Restlessness, Sedation , Vomiting , Xerostomia .
Warnings / Precautions
Available Brands
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Single Ingredient
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.3 — Anti-allergics (Antihistamines) and drugs used in anaphylaxis
- 2.25.2.1 — Cold preparations
Manufacturers
Manufacturers of Chlorpheniramine (Maleate) in Pakistan: