Fosphenytoin

Drug #1502

Fosphenytoin is a prodrug of phenytoin can be given more rapidly and causes fewer injection site reactions, when given intravenously (IV) than phenytoin. It can also be given intramuscularly (IM). Fosphenytoin is used in the treatment of status epilepticus and seizures associated with neurosurgery or head injury; when phenytoin by mouth not possible.

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Primary Characteristics

It is of Synthetic origin.

Molecular Weight: 406.2 · Solubility in Alcohol: Freely soluble · Non-proprietary name: Fosphenytoin.

Pharmacokinetics

Distribution: Fosphenytoin has a plasma protein binding is 95 - 99 %.

Elimination: plasma half-life is 15 min.

Indications

Fosphenytoin is primarily indicated in conditions like Epilepsy, Head injury, Seizures, Status epilepticus, Trauma.

Contraindications

None recorded.

Dosage

Fosphenytoin's dosage details are as follows:

Dose	Single Dose	Frequency	Route	Instructions
Adult Dosage
15 – 0 mg/kg	—	—	IV	Status Epilepticus: Initial/Loading dose
5 mg/kg	5 mg/kg	—	IV/IM	Seizures other than status epilepticus
15 mg/kg	15 mg/kg	—	IV/IM	For siatus epileptiars
Paediatric Dosage (20kg)
No data.
Neonatal Dosage (3kg)
No data.

Drug Interactions

Unknown56 interactions

2 interactions

Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.

Side Effects

Fosphenytoin is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Burning, Hypotension , Itching, Paresthesias.

Warnings / Precautions

It should be used with care in patients with liver , lungs, heart diseases, blood disorders, severe renal impairment and others in whom phosphate restriction is necessary. Perform blood counts before initiating the therapy. Administer cautiously in the presence of advanced atrioventricular (AV) block. Donot exceed an I/V infusion rate of 150mg/min. Discontinue use if skin rashes appear. Withdrawl of therapy or transition to or from another type of antiepileptic therapy should be made gradually to avoid precipitating an increase in the frequency of seizures.

Interference in Pathology

Fosphenytoin may interfere in the diagnosis of Increased Alkaline Phosphatase Levels, Increased blood glucose level.

Available Brands

None recorded.

Storage Conditions

Fosphenytoin should be stored Inj.

Drug Classification

1.5 — Anticonvulsants and Antiepileptics