Gallium Nitrate

Drug #1458

Gallium Nitrate is an inorganic metallic salt that inhibits bone resorption and is used for its hypocalcaemic properties. Gallium Nitrate is used in the treatment of hypercalcaemia associated with malignant neoplasmsn and in other disorders associated with abnormally enhanced bone turn over e.g Paget`s disease of bone.

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Primary Characteristics

It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Inorganic Metalic salt.

Molecular Weight: 417.9 · Solubility in Water: readily · Non-proprietary name: Gallium Nitrate.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Gallium Nitrate has an oral bioavailability is 1.5% (±1.5%).

Distribution: Gallium Nitrate has a volume of distribution is 1.2 l/kg. plasma protein binding is ~ 90 %.

Elimination: plasma half-life is 12 hr, renal excretion is 95 % unchanged.

Indications

Gallium Nitrate is primarily indicated in conditions like Hypercalcaemia due to malignancy.

Gallium Nitrate is also indicated for secondary conditions like Bladder carcinoma, Bone (pagets) disease, Bone metastasis, Non-hodgkin's lymphoma, Non-hodgkin's lymphoma, Postmenopausal disorders.

Contraindications

Gallium Nitrate is contraindicated in conditions like Renal insufficiency.

Dosage

Gallium Nitrate's dosage details are as follows:

Dose	Single Dose	Frequency	Route	Instructions
Adult Dosage
0 – 0 mg/m2	—	—	IV	The dose is based on body size and must be determined by your doctor. Gallium nitrate is injected slowly into a vein over 24 hours, for five days. The dose may be repeated in two to four weeks.
200 mg/m2/day	200 mg/m2/day	—	IV inf	for 5 consecutive days
0.375 mg/kg2	0.375 mg/kg2	—	SC	for 4 days
Paediatric Dosage (20kg)
No data.
Neonatal Dosage (3kg)
No data.

Drug Interactions

Unknown2 interactions

Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.

Side Effects

Gallium Nitrate produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Acute Renal Failure , Colitis , Acute renal failure, Optic neuritis, Ocular pain, Bloody diarrhea, Decreased visual acuity. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.

The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Gallium Nitrate are Nausea, Vomiting, Renal insufficiency.

Gallium Nitrate is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Anemia, Decreased hearing, Fever, Hypocalcemia, Hypophosphatemia, Hypotension, Leukopenia, Lower extremity edema, Metallic taste, Mild respiratory alkalosis, Muscle cramps, Nausea, Peripheral neuropathy, Pleural effusion, Rash, Tachycardia, Tetany, Tinnitus, Vomiting .

Warnings / Precautions

It should be use with caution in patients with with impaired renal function. Administer to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed because it is category C drug. Closely monitor renal function and serum calcium during gallium nitrate therapy patient should be well hydrated and have good renal out put before starting the infusion.

Available Brands

None recorded.

Storage Conditions

Gallium Nitrate should be stored Inf (reconstituted) . Inj.

Drug Classification

1.18.14 — Drugs affecting bone metabolism