Aldesleukin

Also known as: Interleukin 2 (IL 2)

Drug #1420

Aldesleukin is an immunomodulator, and a parenteral antineoplastic agent developed through recombinant DNA technology. It belongs to a class of biological agents known as interleukins which are the molecular messengers by which leukocytes communicate with each other. Aldesleukin is indicated for treating metastatic renal cell carcinoma and is currently being studied for treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, HIV infection, and leprosy. It has also been used alone and in combination with antineoplastic agents for the palliative treatment of metastatic melanoma. It was FDA approved in May 1992. Aldesleukin is for use in specialist units only. Aldesleukin is usually given by SC injection and rarely by IV-infusion due to capillary leakage syndrome, which can cause pulmonary oedema and hypotension.

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Primary Characteristics

Aldesleukin is also known as Interleukin 2 (IL 2).

It is of Natural origin and belongs to Interleukin 2 (IL-2).

Molecular Weight: 15000 · pK_a: 8.2 · Solubility in Water: soluble · Non-proprietary name: Aldesleukin.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Aldesleukin has an oral bioavailability is 41% (±6%).

Distribution: Aldesleukin has a volume of distribution is 0.18 l/kg.

Elimination: it is metabolised via by kidney, plasma half-life is 5.3 hours.

Indications

Aldesleukin is primarily indicated in conditions like Metastatic malignant melanoma, Metastatic renal carcinoma.

Aldesleukin is also indicated for secondary conditions like AIDS, Leprosy.

Contraindications

Aldesleukin is contraindicated in conditions like Cardiac disease, CNS metastasis, Hypersensitivity, Autoimmune disease, Serious infections.

Dosage

Aldesleukin's dosage details are as follows:

Dose	Single Dose	Frequency	Route	Instructions
Adult Dosage
18 – 18 Million Units	—	Every 24h	Sc	18 million units given Subcutaneus once daily for 5 day, followed by 2 days rest for the first week. for the next 3 week 18 million uints on day 1 & 2 of each week and 9 million units on day 3 to 5 of each week followed by 2 week rest. This 4 week cycle may be repeated after an interval of 1 week.
Paediatric Dosage (20kg)
No data.
Neonatal Dosage (3kg)
No data.

Drug Interactions

10 interactions

Major1 interaction

Moderate2 interactions

Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.

Side Effects

Aldesleukin in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Hypoxia , Liver dysfunction , Hypotension , Pulmonary embolism , Hepatic ischemia, Inflammatory arthritis.

Aldesleukin produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Myocardial infarction, Renal failure, Capillary leak syndrome, Cardiac dysrhythmias, Respiratory distress syndrome. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.

Aldesleukin is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Alopecia, Anorexia , Confusion, Diarrhea, Erythema, Fatigue, Fever, Hyperglycemia, Hypocalcemia, Hypokalemia , Hypovolemia, Malaise, Nasal congestion , Nausea, Peripheral edema, Rashes , Vomiting .

Warnings / Precautions

Because of the adverse reactions associated with aldesleukin therapy, patient selection requires a thorough clinical evaluation of each patient prior to initiation of therapy. Patients with CNS metastases may experience exacerbation of disease symptoms; thoroughly evaluate and treat prior to therapy. Patients with indwelling central lines should receive antibiotic prophylaxis effective against Staphylococcus aureus.The safety and efficacy of aldesleukin in children <18 years of age has not been established. The drug should be used with extreme caution during pregnancy and lactation.

Available Brands

None recorded.

Storage Conditions

Aldesleukin should be stored Inj.

Drug Classification

1.8.1 — Immunomodulators