Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.

Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss. is also known as Melia azadirachta Linn belongs to Meliaceae family.

The English names for this herb are Margosa tree, Neem tree.

The Urdu name for this herb is Neem.

Warning: In large doses the bark,leaves, fruits ,berries and oil ( obtained from seeds) are all poisonous,producing narcotism which is followed by death ;6-8fresh berries have caused death. Regarded as harmful for dry temperaments individuals.Oil in large doses may cause convulsion,acidosis,rise in serum transminases and may cause liver damage.

Description

Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss. is a subshrub, 10-25 ft long, 6-8 ft girth, is evergreen

Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Leaves. Alternate, imparipinnate; leaflets sub-opposite, serrate very unequal at base

Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Flowers. Hermaphrodite, in axillary panicles. Calyx 5-lobed. Petals 5, much exceeding calyx, free imbricate. Disk 0, staminal tube little shorter than the petals, cylindric, widening above, 9-10 lobed at the apex, the lobe truncate, slightly toothed; anther within the tube opposite to end shorter than the lobes, ovary 3-called; style elongate, slender; stigma shortly cylindric, 3-lobed, ovules 2 ineach cell collateral.

Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Fruit. 1 seeded drup, endocarp woody.

Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Seeds is fleshy in texture. ellipsoid albumen 0, cotyledone thicks, cordate at base; radical superior.

Pharmacological Actions

The pharmacological action of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Bark is Anthelmintic.

The pharmacological actions of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss. are Alexiteric, Anthelmintic, Anti-asthmatic, Anti-coagulant, Anti-diabetic, Anti-feedant, Anti-fungal, Anti-malarial, Anti-Periodic, Anti-rheumatic, Anti-septic, Anti-syphilitic, Anti-tumor, Aphrodisiac, Astringent, Carminative, Cathartic, Contraceptive, Demulcent, Diuretic, Emetic, Emmenagogue, Expectorant, Insect-repellent, Insecticidal, Lithontriptic, Parasiticide, Pectoral, Refrigerant, Resolvent, Stimulant, Stomachic.

The pharmacological actions of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Flowers are Stimulant, Stomachic.

The pharmacological actions of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Leaves are Anthelmintic, Carminative, Expectorant.

The pharmacological action of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Root Bark is Bitter Tonic.

Indications

The indication of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Bark is Amenorrhoea.

The indications of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Decoction (leaves) are Ulcers, Eczema, Hysteria, Wounds .

The indications of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Flowers are Nervous Headache, Atonic Dyspepsia, General Debility, Scalp Erruption.

The indications of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Gargle are Bad Gums, Stomatitis.

The indication of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Gum is Splenomegaly.

The indications of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Leaves are Pyorrhoea, Syphilitic Sores, Ear Worms, Blood Impurities, Inflammations, Syphilis, Rheumatism, Leprosy, Lumbago, Skin Diseases, Piles, Earache, Boils, Scrofula, Nervous Headache.

The indications of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Oil(seeds) are Ulcers, Rheumatism, Chronic Skin Diseases.

The indications of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Root Bark are Lumbago, Inflammations, Syphilis, Amenorrhoea, Earache, Piles.

The indications of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Seeds are Rheumatism, Leprosy.

The indication of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Twigs(Fresh) is Pyorrhoea.

Contraindications

None recorded.

Temperament

The temperaments of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Decoction (leaves and bark) are 1st order, cold, 2nd order, dry.

The temperaments of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss. are 1st order, cold, 2nd order, dry.

Occurrence, Taste & Odor

Taste: Ripe Fruit: sweet, Unripe fruit: Bitter,Acrid.

Dosage

Part	Dose	Instructions
Decoction (leaves and bark)	6.000 – 12.000 g	N/A
Decoction (leaves)	6.000 – 12.000 g	N/A
Whole Herb	0.000 – 0.000	N/A
Leaves	6.000 – 12.000 g	N/A
Oil(seeds)	6.000 – 0.000 Drops	N/A

Available Brands

BERSEENA QURSHamdard laboratories Waqf Pakistan
GULMUNDENEHamdard laboratories Waqf Pakistan
NEMOROIDHamdard laboratories Waqf Pakistan
NEMOTABHamdard laboratories Waqf Pakistan

Compound Preparations

No Compound Preparation information is available for Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss..

Substitutes

No information regarding Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s substitute is currently available.

Active Constituents

The active constituents of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss. are Azadirachtin, Azadirine, Margosic Acid, Margosopicrin, Meliantriol, Nimbidin, Nimbidol, Nimbin, Oil, Paraisine, Polysaccharides, Salannin, Sodium Nimbidinate.

The active constituent of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Fruit is Fatty Acids.

The active constituents of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Gum are Albumin, Galactans, Margosine, Pentosans, Resins.

The active constituents of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Leaves are Margosine, Resins, Tannin.

The active constituents of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.'s Oil(seeds) are Bitter Principle, Fatty Acids, Glycosides, Resins, Sulphur.

Antidotes

The antidotes of Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss. are Piper nigrum Linn., Apis mellifera L. (Honey).

Toxicity

Currently no Toxicity information is available for Azadirachta indica (L.) A. Juss.. (work in progress)