Aminophylline
Also known as: Metaphylline, Theophylline Ethylene Diamine
Aminophylline is a theophylline ethylenediamine complex. Aminophylline is the salt of theophylline most commonly used for therapeutic purposes. It contains 86% theophylline by weight. It acts as a bronchodialator (dilates the bronchi i.e. air passage). It improves breathing by opening air passages in the lungs.
Primary Characteristics
Aminophylline is also known as Metaphylline, Theophylline Ethylene Diamine, Aminophylline Hydrate.
It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Xanthine.
It belongs to Phosphodiesterase inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Bronchodilator pharmacological group.
Molecular Weight: 420.4 · Solubility in Water: freely Soluble · Solubility in Alcohol: Insoluble · Non-proprietary name: Aminophylline.
Pharmacokinetics
Distribution: Aminophylline has a plasma protein binding is 40%.
Elimination: plasma half-life is 6-12 hr, renal excretion is 10%.
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Indications
Aminophylline is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute severe asthma, Asthma, Obstructive airway disease, Reversible airways obstruction.
Contraindications
Aminophylline is contraindicated in conditions like Alcohol dependence, Hyperthyroidism, Peptic ulcer, Febrile illness.
Dosage
Aminophylline's dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 0.5 mg/ kg/hr | 0.5 mg/ kg/hr | — | IV Inf | Maintenance dose. |
| 350 mg | 350 mg | — | IV Inf | Maintain for 12 hours afterloading |
| 200 mg | 200 mg | Every 8h | PO | After food |
| 375 mg | 375 mg | — | Slow IV | Over 20 min |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 1.1 mg/kg.hr | 1.1 mg/kg.hr | — | IV Infusion | Maintenance for 24 hours or As Required |
| 6 mg/kg | 6 mg/kg | — | IV Infusion | Load for once over 20 minutes |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 0.2 mg/kg/hr | 0.2 mg/kg/hr | — | Infusion | Maintenance for 24 hrs or as required |
| 5.5 mg/kg/hr | 5.5 mg/kg/hr | — | Infusion | Load for once over 20 minutes |
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Aminophylline in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Withdrawal symptoms .
Aminophylline produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Convulsions , Hypoglycemia , Hypovolemia. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Aminophylline are Convulsions , Hypokalemia .
Aminophylline is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Abdominal pain, Anxiety, Diarrhea, Dizziness, Headache, Insomnia, Nausea and vomiting, Palpitation, Restlessness, Tachycardia, Tremors, Urinary retensionX.
Warnings / Precautions
Available Brands
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.25.1.1 — Oral/Parenteral antiasthmatics
Manufacturers
Manufacturers of Aminophylline in Pakistan: