Thioguanine
Also known as: 6-TG
Thioguanine is antineoplastic\anticancer drugs. Thioguanine is structural analogue of naturally occuring purine, guanine, both used by cells for DNA synrhesis. It belongs to a class of antimetabolite, with actions and uses similar to that of mercaptopurine. Antimetabolite are the compound that bear a structural similarity to a natutally occuring substance, such as vitamin, nucleoside or amino acid. Thioguanine is used chiefly in the treatment of lymphoblastic leukemia. Thioguanine is usually given in combination with other anticancer drugs to obtain better results and minimize side effects or toxicity. Thioguanine is administered orally. It was approved by FDA in 1966.
Primary Characteristics
Thioguanine is also known as 6-TG.
It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Thiopurines.
It belongs to Antimetabolites (DNA acting) pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antineoplastic Agnet, Antimetabolite pharmacological group.
Molecular Weight: 167.2 · pKa: 8.1 · Solubility in Water: Insoluble · Solubility in Alcohol: Insoluble · Non-proprietary name: Thioguanine.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Thioguanine has an oral bioavailability is 35% (±11%).
Elimination: plasma half-life is 3-6 hr.
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Indications
Thioguanine is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute leukemia, Chronic myeloid leukaemia, Myeloblastic leukemia.
Contraindications
None recorded.
Dosage
Thioguanine's dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 100 mg/ sq.meter | 100 mg/ sq.meter | Every 12h | PO | Over 3-5 days in conjunction with other cytotoxic drugs. |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 1.5 mg/kg | 1.5 mg/kg | Every 12h | Oral | For 5----7 days |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 1.65 mg/kg | 1.65 mg/kg | Every 12h | Oral | For 4 days |
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Thioguanine in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Hepatotoxicity , Leucopenia, Anaemia , GI symptoms, Thrombocytopenia , Prolongation of clotting time .
Thioguanine produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Bone marrow suppression. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
Warnings / Precautions
Interference in Pathology
Thioguanine may interfere in the diagnosis of Liver Function Test (LFT) .
Available Brands
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Single Ingredient
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.8.2 — Cytotoxic (anti-neoplastic) drugs
Manufacturers
Manufacturers of Thioguanine in Pakistan: