Streptokinase
Also known as: Plasminokinase
Streptokinase is a nonenzymatic protein produced by group C ß-hemolytic streptococci. Clinically, Streptokinase is used as a parenteral thrombolytic agent in the management of acute myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis, occluded arteriovenous cannulae, and acute arterial thrombosis and embolism. Unlike urokinase, repeated administration of it can result in tolerance and/or hypersensitivity. Streptokinase is considerably less expensive than other thrombolytics.
Primary Characteristics
Streptokinase is also known as Plasminokinase.
It is of Natural origin and belongs to Protein.
It belongs to Plasminogen Activator pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Thrombolytic Agent pharmacological group.
Molecular Weight: 47408 · Solubility in Water: > 1 in 10 · Solubility in Alcohol: denatured · Non-proprietary name: Streptokinase.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Streptokinase has an oral bioavailability is 0.5% (±0.5%).
Distribution: Streptokinase has a volume of distribution is 0.08(0.04-0.12)l/kg.
Elimination: plasma half-life is 18 - 80 min, renal excretion is 0.
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Indications
Streptokinase is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute myocardial infarction, Arterial thrombosis, Deep vein thrombosis, Desloughing wounds, Duodenal ulcer and gastric ulcer, Myocardial infarction, Prophylaxis of NSAID-associated gastric or duodenal ulcer, Pulmonary embolism, Thrombosis.
Contraindications
Streptokinase is contraindicated in conditions like Hypertension, Peptic ulcer, Cardiac stroke, Trauma, Bleeding diathesis.
Dosage
Streptokinase's dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 250000 IU | 250000 IU | — | IV | Load for 30 min. |
| 100000 lU/hr | 100000 lU/hr | — | IV Inf | Every hr for 24-72 Hours. |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 12.49 ug/kg.min | 12.49 ug/kg.min | — | IV Infusion | Maintenance, As Required |
| 3250 ug/kg | 3250 ug/kg | — | IV Infusion | Load over 25 Minutes |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 12.49 ug/kg.min | 12.49 ug/kg.min | — | IV Infusion | Maintenance, As Required |
| 3250 ug/kg | 3250 ug/kg | — | IV Infusion | Load over 25 Minutes |
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Streptokinase produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Bleeding , Allergic reactions. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Streptokinase are Hemorrhage .
Streptokinase is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Chills, Fever, Nausea and vomiting, Rigors .
Warnings / Precautions
Interference in Pathology
Streptokinase may interfere in the diagnosis of Hematocrit Value , Decreased plasminogen level, Decreased fibrinogen level.
Available Brands
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.10.2 — Anticoagulants/Platelet deaggregators
- 2.12.5 — Anti-thrombotic drugs and myocardial infarction