Phenylephrine (HCl)
Phenylephrine (HCl) is direct acting sympathomimetic agent. its effects are similar to those of norepinephrine, but it is less potent and has a longer duration of action. Phenylephrine (HCl) is a vasoconstrictor (constrict blood vessels) and causes rise in blood pressure. It is used as a nasal decongestant. It promotes nasal drainage and relieves nasal stiffness. itused to relieve symptoms associated with sinus infections, cold, hay fever and allergies.
Primary Characteristics
Phenylephrine (HCl) is also known as Phenylephrine.
It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Aminoethanol.
It belongs to Alpha adrenergic agonist pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Alpha-Beta Blocker pharmacological group. It is also classified under Drugs used in Shock .
Molecular Weight: 203.7 · pKa: 8.9, 10.1 · Solubility in Water: 1 in 2 · Solubility in Alcohol: 1 in 4 · Non-proprietary name: Phenylephrine (HCl) · pH: 4.5 · Isotonic value: 3.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Phenylephrine (HCl) has an oral bioavailability is 73% (±2%), pre-systemic (first-pass) metabolism accounts for 60%.
Distribution: Phenylephrine (HCl) has a volume of distribution is 340 litre.
Elimination: it is metabolised via Hepatic, plasma half-life is 2 - 3 hr, renal excretion is < 20 %.
Advertisement
Indications
Phenylephrine (HCl) is primarily indicated in conditions like Acid-related dyspepsia, Congestion, Hypotension.
Contraindications
Phenylephrine (HCl) is contraindicated in conditions like Angina, Hypertension, Hyperthyroidism, Myocardial infarction.
Dosage
Phenylephrine (HCl)'s dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 0.375 % | 0.375 % | Every 4h | Nasal | As Required |
| 10 % | 10 % | — | Ophthalmic | drops |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 0.375 % | 0.375 % | Every 4h | Nasal | As Required |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 0.38 % | 0.38 % | Every 4h | Nasal | Not recommended under 3 months of child |
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Phenylephrine (HCl) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Bradycardia , Vomiting, Severe hypertension. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Phenylephrine (HCl) are Bradycardia, Rise in B.P. .
Warnings / Precautions
Interference in Pathology
Phenylephrine (HCl) may interfere in the diagnosis of False elevation of VMA test for catecholamines.
Available Brands
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.21.5 — Mydriatics, Cycloplegics
- 2.21.6 — Non-specific anticonjunctivitis preparations
- 3.25.2.3 — Cough sedatives
- 4.25.4 — Nasal preparations