Oxymetazoline (HCl)
Oxymetazoline (HCl) is a sympathomimetic amine of the imidazoline class.Oxymetazoline (HCl) is a direct agonist at alpha-adrenergic receptors with no action on beta-adrenergic receptors. Oxymetazoline (HCl) is used as a nasal decongestant in allergic rhinitis, and also as a ocular decongestant in allergic conjunctivitis (whether seasonal or perennial). Chemically Oxymetazoline (HCl) is 3-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl) methyl]-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2,4-dimethylphenol hydrochloride. Oxymetazoline (HCl) is available for nasal and opthlamic administration.
Primary Characteristics
It belongs to Imidazoline.
It belongs to Alpha-2 adrenergic agonist pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Syumpathomimetic pharmacological group. It is also classified under Nasal Decongestants .
Molecular Weight: 296.8 · Solubility in Water: 1 in 6.7 · Solubility in Alcohol: 1 in 3.6 · Non-proprietary name: Oxymetazoline (HCl) · pH: 5.7 · Isotonic value: 4.92.
Pharmacokinetics
Elimination: plasma half-life is 156 hr, renal excretion is 30 %.
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Indications
Oxymetazoline (HCl) is primarily indicated in conditions like Ocular congestion, Otitis media, Rhinitis, Sinusitis.
Oxymetazoline (HCl) is also indicated for secondary conditions like Conjuctivitis.
Contraindications
Oxymetazoline (HCl) is contraindicated in conditions like Narrow-angle glaucoma.
Dosage
Oxymetazoline (HCl)'s dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 0.09 % | 0.09 % | Every 12h | Intra Nasal | 1-2 drops in each nostril. |
| 0.025 % | 0.025 % | — | Ophthalmic | drops |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 0.03 mg | 0.03 mg | Every 12h | Nasal | For children above 5 yrs. |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 0 – 0 | — | — | Not recommended in this age group | |
Drug Interactions
None recorded.
Side Effects
Oxymetazoline (HCl) in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Rhinitis medicamentosa .
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Oxymetazoline (HCl) are Hypotension, Sedation .
Oxymetazoline (HCl) is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Dryness of eye, Headache, Stinging on application.
Warnings / Precautions
Available Brands
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Single Ingredient
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.21.6 — Non-specific anticonjunctivitis preparations
- 2.25.4 — Nasal preparations