Oxazepam

Drug #539

Oxazepam is oral anxiolytic belongs to benzodiazipine, with a moderate duration of action. It contains a chiral center. Chemically Oxazepam is identified as 7-Chloro-1,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-2H-1,4-benzodiazipine-2-one. Oxazepam is prepared by chemical synthesis, substituent in the 7th position such as halogen or a nitro group is required for its sedative-hypnotic activity. The actions, uses and adverse effects similar to those of Diazepam.

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Primary Characteristics

It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Benzodiazepine.

It belongs to Chloride Channel Potentiater (GABA operated) pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Anxiolytics pharmacological group. It is also classified under Psychotherapeutic Drugs .

Molecular Weight: 286.7 · pK_a: 1.7, 11.3 · Solubility in Water: < 1 in 10000 · Solubility in Alcohol: 1 in 220 · Non-proprietary name: Oxazepam.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Oxazepam has an oral bioavailability is 96.5% (±1.5%).

Distribution: Oxazepam has a volume of distribution is 1.35 l/kg. plasma protein binding is 96.5 %.

Elimination: it is metabolised via extensive by Liver, plasma half-life is 9 hr, renal excretion is 73.5 %.

Indications

Oxazepam is primarily indicated in conditions like Anxiety, Depression, Insomnia, Psychosis, Suppression of transplant rejection.

Oxazepam is also indicated for secondary conditions like Alcohol dependence, Alcohol withdrawal.

Contraindications

Oxazepam is contraindicated in conditions like Pulmonary insufficiency.

Dosage

Oxazepam's dosage details are as follows:

Dose	Single Dose	Frequency	Route	Instructions
Adult Dosage
0.178 mg/kg	0.178 mg/kg	Every 8h	PO	-
Paediatric Dosage (20kg)
0 – 0	—	—		Not recommended for this age group
Neonatal Dosage (3kg)
0 – 0	—	—		Not recommended in this age group

Drug Interactions

Unknown2 interactions

Moderate1 interaction

Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.

Side Effects

Oxazepam in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Jaundice .

Oxazepam produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Agranulocytosis, Blood dyscrasias. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.

Oxazepam is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Dizziness, Drowsiness, Headache, Nausea, Skin rashes.

Warnings / Precautions

Perform periodic blood counts and liver function tests during long term therapy. Oxazepam should be used with caution in patients if increased salivation cause respiratory difficulty, because it may produce an increase in salivation. Give least amount of drug to patients in whom depression accompanies anxiety and suicidal tendencies may be present. It should be used with caution (if it contains tartrazine) in patients with aspirin hypersensitivity because it may cause allergic reaction (including bronchial asthma).

Interference in Pathology

Oxazepam may interfere in the diagnosis of L-Toluidine neocuprin method of glucose determination .

Available Brands

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Multi-Ingredient Combinations

Tabs

250 mg

Storage Conditions

Oxazepam should be stored Tab, Caps.

Drug Classification

1.24.3 — Drugs used in anxiety and sleep disorders

Manufacturers

Manufacturers of Oxazepam in Pakistan:

IPP