Mezlocillin

Drug #482

Mezlocillin sodium is an antibiotic that belongs to a group called Penicillins. It is a parenteral, semisynthetic, extended-spectrum acylureidopenicillin. Clinically, Mezlocillin is used in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections, respiratory and urinary tract infections, skin and soft-tissue infections, and other infections caused by susceptible bacteria. Mezlocillin is often used in combination with an aminoglycoside to treat systemic Pseudomonas infections. Mezlocillin is not effective against staphylococcus. It was approved by the FDA in 1981. Mezlocillin is a beta-lactam antibacterial antibiotic. Mezlocillin is mainly bactericidal. It inhibits the third and final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis by preferentially binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) that are located inside the bacterial cell wall. Penicillin-binding proteins are responsible for several steps in the synthesis of the cell wall.

← Previous drug Next drug →

Primary Characteristics

Mezlocillin is also known as Mezlocillin Sodium.

It is of Semi Synthetic origin and belongs to Penicillin.

It belongs to Peptidoglycan synthesis inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibiotics pharmacological group.

Molecular Weight: 579.6 · pK_a: 2.7 · Solubility in Water: 1 in 3 · Non-proprietary name: Mezlocillin.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Mezlocillin has an oral bioavailability is 0.5% (±0.5%), pre-systemic (first-pass) metabolism accounts for 85%.

Distribution: Mezlocillin has a volume of distribution is 0.38 - 0.55 l/kg. plasma protein binding is 16-42%.

Elimination: it is metabolised via 20-30% hepatic, plasma half-life is 1 hr, renal excretion is 55%.

Indications

Mezlocillin is primarily indicated in conditions like Bacterial infections, Biliary tract infections, Gonorrhoea, Intra-abdominal infections, Lower respiratory tract infections, Respiratory tract infections, Septicaemia, UTI.

Mezlocillin is also indicated for secondary conditions like Meningitis, Osteomyelitis, Pelvic infections, Soft tissue infections.

Contraindications

Mezlocillin is contraindicated in conditions like Hypersensitivity.

Dosage

Mezlocillin's dosage details are as follows:

Dose	Single Dose	Frequency	Route	Instructions
Adult Dosage
1.5 g	1.5 g	Every 6h		For uncomplicated gonorrhoea.
1.75 g	1.75 g	Every 6h	IM,IV	For unconplicated urinary tract infection
4 g	4 g	Every 6h	IV	For prophylaxis of Infection during surgery.
250 mg/kg	250 mg/kg	Every 6h	IV	Individed doses,
Paediatric Dosage (20kg)
50 mg/kg	50 mg/kg	Every 4h	Intamuscular
50 mg/kg	50 mg/kg	Every 4h	IV infusion	Infuse over 30 min.
Neonatal Dosage (3kg)
50 mg/kg	50 mg/kg	Every 4h	Intamuscular
50 mg/kg	50 mg/kg	Every 4h	IV infusion	Infuse over 30 min.

Drug Interactions

Unknown3 interactions

Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.

Side Effects

Mezlocillin in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Thrombocytopenia , Cholestatic jaundice , Cholestatic jaundice , Leucopenia, Elevated SGPT & SGOT, Interstitial nephritis , Acute interstitial nephritis , Hyperbilirubinemia, Vaginitis .

Mezlocillin produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Anaphylaxis . Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.

The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Mezlocillin are Coma, Seizures, Encephalopathy, Hallucinations , Hypokalemia , Agitation, Stupor , Agitation.

Mezlocillin is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Anorexia , Cramps , Dizziness, Erythema, Fatigue, Insomnia, Nausea and vomiting, Thrombophlebitis .

Warnings / Precautions

Mezlocillin should be used with caution in patients with renal disease or renal impairment since the drug is eliminated via renal mechanisms. Mezlocillin excretion may be reduced in patients with hepatic disease such as common bile duct obstruction. Electrolytes may need to be monitored in all patients receiving mezlocillin. Mezlocillin is a penicillin, and should not be used in patients with penicillin hypersensitivity. Due to the drug`s structural similarity to the cephalosporins and imipenem, Mezlocillin should be used cautiously in patients with cephalosporin hypersensitivity or imipenem hypersensitivity. The patients are more susceptible to hypersensitivity reactions. Patients with allergies or allergic conditions including asthma, eczema, hives, or hay fever may have a greater risk for hypersensitivity reactions to penicillins. Antibiotic therapy can result in superinfection or suprainfection with nonsusceptible organisms. All antibiotics may cause allergic reactions, stop drug and tell your doctor if a rash or hive develops. Overgrowth of Candida, Serratia, Klebsiella, or P. aeruginosa can occur with extended-spectrum penicillin therapy. Patients should be monitored closely during therapy. Penicillins should be used with caution in patients with a history of GI disease, especially colitis, because the adverse GI effects associated with penicillin therapy can exacerbate the condition. Also, patients who develop diarrhea while taking or soon after taking penicillins should be considered for differential diagnosis of antibiotic-associated pseudomembranouscolitis. Penicillins are excreted in breast milk. Mezlocillin should be used with caution in pregnant mothers. Do not drive because Mezlocillin sodium may cause drowsiness. Avoid alcohol.

Interference in Pathology

Mezlocillin may interfere in the diagnosis of Sulphosalicylic acid precipitation test for proteinuria .

Available Brands

None recorded.

Storage Conditions

Mezlocillin should be stored Inj (reconstituted soln).

Drug Classification

1.6.2.1.1 — Penicillins