Metolazone

Drug #476

Metolazone is a thiazide related diuretic. Metolazone is a quinazolinone derivative prepared by chemical synthesis. Metolazone is optically active and used as a racemate clinically. Metolazone is given orally. Metolazone is a sulfonamide derivative that has different chemical structure but the possess same pharmacological actions as the thiazide diuretics.

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Primary Characteristics

It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Sulphonamide.

It belongs to NaCl cotransport inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Diuretic Thiazide pharmacological group.

Molecular Weight: 365.8 · pK_a: 9.72 · Solubility in Water: Very slightly soluble · Solubility in Alcohol: high · Non-proprietary name: Metolazone.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Metolazone has an oral bioavailability is 64%, pre-systemic (first-pass) metabolism accounts for 35.5% (±4.5%).

Distribution: Metolazone has a volume of distribution is 113 litre. plasma protein binding is 15.33%.

Elimination: plasma half-life is 4.5 hr, renal excretion is 90 %.

Indications

Metolazone is primarily indicated in conditions like Congestive heart failure, Edema, Hepatic disease, Hypertension, Oedema, Renal failure.

Contraindications

Metolazone is contraindicated in conditions like Diabetes mellitus, Ventricular arrhythmias.

Dosage

Metolazone's dosage details are as follows:

Dose	Single Dose	Frequency	Route	Instructions
Adult Dosage
2.5 – 5 mg	—	Every 24h		Hypertension
7.5 mg	7.5 mg	Every 24h	PO	Oedema, not more than 80 mg.
Paediatric Dosage (20kg)
0 – 0	—	—		Not recommended for this age group
Neonatal Dosage (3kg)
0 – 0	—	—		Not recommended in this age group

Drug Interactions

Unknown3 interactions

Moderate1 interaction

Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.

Side Effects

Metolazone in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Hypokalemia , Hyperglycemia , Hyperglycemia.

The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Metolazone are Dizziness, Nausea & vomiting, Weakness .

Metolazone is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Chest pain, Chills, Constipation , Headache, Muscle cramps, Nocturia , Palpitation, Rashes , VertigoX.

Warnings / Precautions

Thiazide diuretics increase sensitivity to sunlight, avoid prolonged sun exposure, use a sunscreen and wear protective clothing. This should be used during pregnancy or lactation only if clearly needed. Metolazone should be used with caution in patients with gout or diabetes or any allergy especially to sulfa medications. Avoid any drug that increases heart rate or cause excitation like decongestants (found in cough or cold products) because it may counter-act blood pressure medicine.

Available Brands

None recorded.

Storage Conditions

Metolazone should be stored Tab.

Drug Classification

1.16.1 — Thiazide and related diuretics