Daunorubicin (HCl)
Also known as: Daunomycin
Daunorubicin (HCl) is antineoplastic agent. Daunorubicin (HCl) is anthracycline antibiotic, isolated from Streptomyces peuceticus var caesius. Daunorubicin (HCl) is the first agent in this class to be isolated. Daunorubicin (HCl) is structurally almost identical to doxorubicin, lacking only a hydroxyl moiety. Daunorubicin (HCl) is among the most useful cytotoxic anticancerous drugs. Daunorubicin (HCl) is effective in the treatment of different cancers such as acute myelocytic leukemia in adults and is used in combination with different anticancerous drugs to obtain the best therapeutic results and to minimize side effects or toxicities.
Primary Characteristics
Daunorubicin (HCl) is also known as Daunomycin, Daunorubicin.
It is of Natural origin and belongs to Anthracycline.
It belongs to Intercalation (DNA acting) pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antineoplastic Agent, Antibiotic pharmacological group.
Molecular Weight: 564 · pKa: 10.3 · Solubility in Water: high · Solubility in Alcohol: soluble · Non-proprietary name: Daunorubicin (HCl).
Pharmacokinetics
Distribution: Daunorubicin (HCl) has a volume of distribution is 1725 l/sq.meter. plasma protein binding is 97%.
Elimination: it is metabolised via Hepatic, plasma half-life is 18.5 hr, renal excretion is 25%.
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Indications
Daunorubicin (HCl) is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute granulocytic leukemia, Acute leukemia, Acute lymphocytic leukemia, Kaposis sarcoma, NSAID-associated ulceration.
Contraindications
Daunorubicin (HCl) is contraindicated in conditions like Heart failure, Chickenpox infection.
Dosage
Daunorubicin (HCl)'s dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 37.5 mg/sq.meter | 37.5 mg/sq.meter | Every 24h | IV | For 3 Days, (Courses may be repeated after 3 to 6 weeks). |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 25 mg/sq.meter | 25 mg/sq.meter | — | Intra Venous | Once a week.For acute lyphoblastic leukaemia in combination regiments. |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 1 mg/sq.meter | 1 mg/sq.meter | — | Intra Venous | As Required |
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Daunorubicin (HCl) in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Thrombophlebitis , Tissue necrosis , Radiation recall.
Daunorubicin (HCl) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Congestive heart failure, Bone marrow suppression, Cardiac arrhythmia, Neutropenia , ECG abnormalities, Cardiomyopahty. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Daunorubicin (HCl) are Nausea, Vomiting, Mucositis.
Daunorubicin (HCl) is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Alopecia, Mucositis, Nausea, Red urine, Vomiting .
Warnings / Precautions
Available Brands
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Single Ingredient
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.8.2 — Cytotoxic (anti-neoplastic) drugs