Cyclosporin A
Also known as: Ciclosporin
Cyclosporin A is a cyclic peptide produced as a metabolite by the soil fungus Tolypocladium inflatum Gams. Cyclosporin A is immunosuppressive agent and effective to prevent rejection in oragn transplant patients.
Primary Characteristics
Cyclosporin A is also known as Ciclosporin.
It is of Natural origin and belongs to Polypeptide.
It belongs to Immune Modifiers pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Immunosuppressant Agent pharmacological group. It is also classified under Antidotes .
Molecular Weight: 1202 · pKa: unionized · Non-proprietary name: Cyclosporin A.

Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Cyclosporin A has an oral bioavailability is 40%, pre-systemic (first-pass) metabolism accounts for 30%.
Distribution: Cyclosporin A has a volume of distribution is 3.5 l/kg. plasma protein binding is 90 - 95%.
Elimination: it is metabolised via extensively by liver, plasma half-life is 5-20hr, renal excretion is 0.1%.
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Indications
Cyclosporin A is primarily indicated in conditions like Allograft rejection prevention, Allograft rejection treatment, Atopic dermatitis, Bone marrow transplantation, Organ transplantation, Severe active rheumatoid arthritis, Severe psoriasis.
Cyclosporin A is also indicated for secondary conditions like Asthma, Nephrotic syndrome, Primary biliary cirrhosis, Psoriasis, Sarcoidosis, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Ulcerative colitis, Uveitis.
Contraindications
Cyclosporin A is contraindicated in conditions like Renal impairment, Uncontrolled infection, Uncontrolled hypertension, Malignancy.
Dosage
Cyclosporin A's dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 325 mg | 325 mg | Every 24h | PO | Maintenance |
| 750 mg | 750 mg | — | PO | For once, prior to Transplantation |
| 750 mg | 750 mg | Every 24h | PO | Post operative for 1-2 Weeks |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 5 mg/kg | 5 mg/kg | Every 12h | Oral | Post operative for 1-2 Weeks |
| 6.5 mg/kg | 6.5 mg/kg | Every 24h | Oral | Maintenance ,as required |
| 16 mg/kg | 16 mg/kg | — | Oral | For Once prior to Transplantation |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| No data. | ||||
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Cyclosporin A in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Hypertension .
Cyclosporin A produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Convulsions , Nephrotoxicity, Neoplasia. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
Cyclosporin A is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include GI reactions, Gingival hypertrophy, Hepatotoxicity, Hyperesthesia, Hypertrichosis , Paresthesias, Tremor.
Warnings / Precautions
Available Brands
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.8.1 — Immunomodulators