Clavulanic Acid
Clavulanic Acid is a ß lactamase inhibitor. Clavulanic Acid is structurally related to the penicillins and used in combination with penicillin antibiotic to treat variety of bacterial infections. Antibiotics require constant drug level in body for therapeutic effect. This is achieved by taking the medication at regular interval of time throughout the day and night as prescribed. Clavulanic Acid is important to take the drug for the full time period as prescribed. If you discontinue the therapy it may result in ineffective treatment.
Primary Characteristics
Clavulanic Acid is also known as cluvulanic acid.
It is of Semi Synthetic origin and belongs to Beta Lactam.
It belongs to Beta Lactamase Inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibiotic, Penicillin pharmacological group.
Molecular Weight: 199.2 · Solubility in Water: > 1 in 1 · Solubility in Alcohol: 1 in 2.5 · Non-proprietary name: Clavulanic Acid.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Clavulanic Acid has an oral bioavailability is 75%.
Distribution: Clavulanic Acid has a volume of distribution is 0.21l/kg. plasma protein binding is 22-30%.
Elimination: plasma half-life is 1 hr, renal excretion is > 50%.
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Indications
Clavulanic Acid is primarily indicated in conditions like Bacterial infections, Myeloablative therapy followed by bone marrow transplantation, Respiratory tract infections, Urinary tract infection.
Contraindications
Clavulanic Acid is contraindicated in conditions like Glandular fever, Penicillin hypersensitivity.
Dosage
Clavulanic Acid's dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 125 mg | 125 mg | Every 12h | PO | Only in combination with either Amoxicillin or Ticarcillin. |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| No data. | ||||
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 6 mg/kg | 6 mg/kg | Every 6h | Intramuscular | |
| 6 mg/kg | 6 mg/kg | Every 6h | Intravenous | |
| 6 mg.kg | 6 mg.kg | Every 6h | oral | |
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Clavulanic Acid in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Hepatic cholestasis, Eosinophilia , Hypersensitivity reactions , Severe diarrhea.
Clavulanic Acid produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Pseudomembranous colitis , Anaphylaxis . Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Clavulanic Acid are Vomiting, Nausea.
Clavulanic Acid is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Diarrhea, Fever, Increase in serum transaminase, Maculopapular rash, Urticaria.
Warnings / Precautions
Interference in Pathology
Clavulanic Acid may interfere in the diagnosis of Glucose Test .
Available Brands
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Multi-Ingredient Combinations
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.6.2.1.1 — Penicillins