Cisplatin
Also known as: Cisplatinum, Platinol, Peyrones Chloride
Cisplatin is an antineoplatsic drug. Cisplatin is inorganic metal complex with a planar configuration discovered by Rosenderg and his cholleagues. Only the cis isomer of Cisplatin is active. Cisplatin is effective in the treatment of different cancers to slow or stop the growth of abnormal or cancerous cells. Cisplatin is used in the treatment of metastatic testicular and ovarian tumours. Cisplatin is used in combination with different anticancerous drugs to obtain best therapeutic effects and to minimize side effects or toxicities.
Primary Characteristics
Cisplatin is also known as Cisplatinum, Platinol, Peyrones Chloride.
It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Chloroplatinum.
It belongs to Cross Linkage (DNA acting) pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antineoplastic Agent, Alkylating Agent pharmacological group.
Molecular Weight: 300.1 · pKa: not relevant · Solubility in Water: 1 in 1000 · Solubility in Alcohol: insoluble · Non-proprietary name: Cisplatin.
Pharmacokinetics
Distribution: Cisplatin has a volume of distribution is 0.28l/kg. plasma protein binding is >90%.
Elimination: it is metabolised via not completely elucidated, plasma half-life is 58-73 hr, renal excretion is 27-45%.
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Indications
Cisplatin is primarily indicated in conditions like Bladder carcinoma, Metastatic germ cell cancers (seminoma and teratoma), Metastatic ovarian carcinoma, Metastatic testicular cancer, Non-small cell lung carcinoma, Small cell lung cancer, Squamous cell carcinoma.
Contraindications
Cisplatin is contraindicated in conditions like Renal failure, Bone marrow depression, Peripheral neuropathy.
Dosage
Cisplatin's dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 60 mg/sq.meter | 60 mg/sq.meter | — | IV | advanced bladder cancer once every 3 to 4 weeks. |
| 87.5 mg/sq.meter | 87.5 mg/sq.meter | — | IV | Once every 4 weeks metastatic ovarian tumors. |
| 17.5 mg/ sq.meter/day | 17.5 mg/ sq.meter/day | — | IV Inf | For 5 days every month, As Required. Metastatic testicular tumors. |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 32 – 17.5 mg/sq.meter | — | Every 24h | ||
| 17.5 mg/sq.meter | 17.5 mg/sq.meter | Every 24h | Intra Venous | For 5 Days, every 3-4 Weeks |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| No data. | ||||
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Cisplatin in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Hypersensitivity reactions , Reduction in creatinine clearance, Elevation in serum creatinine , Ototoxicity , Vascular toxicity , Vascular toxicity , Neuropathy .
Cisplatin produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Bone marrow aplasia, Myelosuppression , Renal damage, Anaphylactic reactions, Depression. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Cisplatin are Deafness , Kidney failure, Nausea & vomiting, Liver failure.
Cisplatin is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Anorexia , Azotemia, Nausea, Tinnitus, Vomiting .
Warnings / Precautions
Interference in Pathology
Cisplatin may interfere in the diagnosis of No data has been reported..
Available Brands
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.8.2 — Cytotoxic (anti-neoplastic) drugs