Cinoxacin

Also known as: Azolinic Acid

Drug #175

Cinoxacin is an antibacterial quinolone. Cinoxacin is similar in structure and function to nalidixic acid. Because of its relatively weak antibacterial activity, it was useful only for the treatment of urinary tract infections. Cinoxacin is rarely used now, have been made obsolete by the more efficacious flourinated quinolones.

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Primary Characteristics

Cinoxacin is also known as Azolinic Acid.

It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Naphthyridine.

It belongs to DNA Gyrase inhibitor pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Antibiotics pharmacological group.

Molecular Weight: 262 · pK_a: 4.7 · Solubility in Water: 1 in 345000 · Solubility in Alcohol: 1 in 100 · Non-proprietary name: Cinoxacin.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Cinoxacin has an oral bioavailability is 95%.

Distribution: Cinoxacin has a volume of distribution is 0.2-0.25 l/kg. plasma protein binding is 63%.

Elimination: it is metabolised via 40% hepatic, plasma half-life is 1.5 hr, renal excretion is entire.

Indications

Cinoxacin is primarily indicated in conditions like Cystitis, Pyelitis, Pyelonephritis, Urinary tract infection.

Contraindications

Cinoxacin is contraindicated in conditions like Renal impairment, Hypersensitivity.

Dosage

Cinoxacin's dosage details are as follows:

Dose	Single Dose	Frequency	Route	Instructions
Adult Dosage
500 mg	500 mg	Every 12h	PO	For treatment of urinary tract infections prophylaxis.
Paediatric Dosage (20kg)
0 – 0	—	—	—	Not Recommended in this Age Group
Neonatal Dosage (3kg)
0 – 0	—	—		Not recommended inthis age group

Drug Interactions

Unknown6 interactions

Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.

Side Effects

Cinoxacin in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Epidermal necrolysis , Epidermal necrolysis .

Cinoxacin produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Anaphylactoid reactions . Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.

Cinoxacin is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Confusion, Diarrhea, dizziness, Elevation of liver enzymes, Headache, Hepatic damage, Increased intracranial pressure, Nausea, nervousness, Raised blood urea nitrogen , Raised serum creatinine, Skin rashes, Tendon damage, Tinnitus.

Warnings / Precautions

Cinoxacin should be used with caution in patients with pre-existing kidney or liver disease or any allergy especially to antibiotics. This drug should be used only if clearly needed during pregnancy or lactation.

Interference in Pathology

Cinoxacin may interfere in the diagnosis of Reduction method, False + Result in urinary glucose tests using copper reduction method.

Available Brands

None recorded.

Storage Conditions

Cinoxacin should be stored Caps.

Drug Classification

1.6.2.1.4 — Other inhibitors of cell wall synthesis