Salmeterol
Salmeterol is a highly selective, inhaled ß 2-agonist indicated for the long-term treatment of asthma and for prevention of bronchospasm in adults with reversible obstructive airway disease. Stimulation of ß 2 -receptors by it in the lung causes relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, which produces bronchodilation and a resultant increase in bronchial airflow. Compared with other inhaled ß-2 agonists, it has a longer duration of action, which allows for twice-daily dosing; however, onset of therapeutic effects is prolonged, which limits the usefulness of it. Because of its delayed onset, it should never be used to treat an acute attack. It is, however, very effective for prophylactic therapy. It was approved by the FDA in February 1994.
Primary Characteristics
It is of Synthetic origin and belongs to Nephthoate.
It belongs to Beta-2 adrenergic agonist pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action and also classified in Bronchodilator pharmacological group.
Molecular Weight: 603.7 · Solubility in Water: sparingly soluble · Solubility in Alcohol: slightly soluble · Non-proprietary name: Salmeterol.
Pharmacokinetics
Distribution: Salmeterol has a plasma protein binding is 94-98%.
Elimination: it is metabolised via hepatic, plasma half-life is 3-4 hr, renal excretion is 25%.
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Indications
Salmeterol is primarily indicated in conditions like Chronic bronchitis, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Exercise-induced asthma, Obstructive airway disease, Oedema, Oliguria due to renal failure.
Salmeterol is also indicated for secondary conditions like Asthma, Severe airways obstruction.
Contraindications
Salmeterol is contraindicated in conditions like Hypertension, Hypersensitivity.
Dosage
Salmeterol's dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 37.5 mcg | 37.5 mcg | Every 12h | Inhalation | |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 2 ug/kg | 2 ug/kg | Every 12h | Inhalation | Dose for Childrens 5-12 Yrs. Age |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| No data. | ||||
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Salmeterol in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Tremors , Supraventricular tachycardia, Cardiac arrhythmias, Extrasystoles , Atrial fibrillation .
Salmeterol is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Angioedema, Arthralgia, Backache , BP variations, Cough , Edema, Headache, Hypersensitivity reactions, Myalgia, Nervousness, Palpitation, Pharyngitis, Rashes , Tachycardia.
Warnings / Precautions
Available Brands
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Single Ingredient
Multi-Ingredient Combinations
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.25.1.2 — Inhalants