Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate)
Bactericidal aminoglycoside antibiotic (the aminoglycosides are the compound containing characteristic amino sugars joined to a hexose nucleus in glycoside linkage, they are polycations and their polarity accounts for their pharmakokinetic peoperties). Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate) is derived from Streptomyces kanamyceticus, consisting of three components designated A, B and C. The clinically active form is a mixture of kanamycins A and B. Kanamycin has actions and spectrum similar to Neomycin, but less ototoxic. Used in gram -ve speticaemia, with monitoring of blood levels, perticularly in renal failure. Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate) is most often applied topically.
Primary Characteristics
It is of Semi Synthetic origin and belongs to Aminoglycosides.
It belongs to Antibacterial (Proetin synthesis inhibitor) pharmacological group on the basis of mechanism of action.
Molecular Weight: 651.2 · pKa: 7.2 · Solubility in Water: 1 in 8 · Solubility in Alcohol: Insoluble · Non-proprietary name: Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate).
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate) has an oral bioavailability is 0.5% (±0.5%).
Distribution: Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate) has a volume of distribution is 0.3 l/ kg. plasma protein binding is < 5%.
Elimination: plasma half-life is 3 hr, renal excretion is 90%.
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Indications
Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate) is primarily indicated in conditions like Bacterial infections, Enteritis, Gonorrhoea, Hepatic encephalopathy, Meningitis, Septicaemia, Tuberculosis, Urinary tract infection.
Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate) is also indicated for secondary conditions like Superficial infections.
Contraindications
Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate) is contraindicated in conditions like Neuromuscular blockade.
Dosage
Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate)'s dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 500 mg | 500 mg | Every 8h | IV,IM | |
| 1 g | 1 g | Every 6h | PO | For preoperative intestinal antisepsis. Frequency may be increased upto 6 times/day. Duration: For 3-4 days. |
| 10 g/day | 10 g/day | — | PO | For Hepatic encephalopathy. Shuold be given in divided doses. |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| 7.5 mg/kg | 7.5 mg/kg | Every 8h | Intra Muscular | - |
| 7.5 mg/kg | 7.5 mg/kg | Every 8h | Intra Venous | - |
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| 7.5 mg/kg | 7.5 mg/kg | Every 8h | Intra Muscular | - |
| 7.5 mg/kg | 7.5 mg/kg | Every 8h | Intra Venous | - |
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate) in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Nephrotoxicity , Ototoxicity , Eosinophilia , Eosinophilia .
Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate) produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Neuromuscular blockage. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
The signs and symptoms that are produced after acute overdosage of Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate) are 8th nerve damage.
Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate) is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Bruising, Circumoral paresthesia, Diarrhea, Headache, Local pain, Nausea, Tinnitus, Vertigo, Vomiting .
Warnings / Precautions
Interference in Pathology
Kanamycin (Acid Sulphate) may interfere in the diagnosis of Increased in serum creatinin.
Available Brands
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Single Ingredient
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.6.2.2.5 — Aminoglycosides
- 2.6.2.4 — Anti-tuberculosis drugs