Moxifloxacin
Moxifloxacin is an antibiotic belongs to 3rd group of fluoroquinolones. Fluoroquinolones are potent bactericidal agents against E. coli and various species of Salmonella, Shigella, Enterobacter, Campylobacter and Neisseeria, it has excellent activity against S. pneumoniae. Moxifloxacin is used in respiratory tract infections, in urinary tract infectionsand in bone and soft tissue infections.
Primary Characteristics
Moxifloxacin is also known as Moxifloxacin Hcl.
It is of Semi Synthetic origin and belongs to Fluoroquinolone.
Molecular Weight: 437.9 · Solubility in Water: sparingaly soluble · Solubility in Alcohol: Slightly soluble · Non-proprietary name: Moxifloxacin.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Moxifloxacin has an oral bioavailability is 86% (±1%).
Distribution: Moxifloxacin has a volume of distribution is 2.05(0.9-3.2)l/kg. plasma protein binding is 50%.
Elimination: it is metabolised via Hepatic, plasma half-life is 9-10, renal excretion is 18.3%-25.5%. Also excreted in feces.
Advertisement
Indications
Moxifloxacin is primarily indicated in conditions like Acute bacterial sinusitis, Chronic bronchitis, Lower respiratory tract infections, Oedema, Pneumonia, Short-term treatment of severe congestive heart failure, Sinusitis, Skin infections, Soft tissue infections, Upper respiratory tract infections.
Moxifloxacin is also indicated for secondary conditions like Bacterial conjunctivitis.
Contraindications
Moxifloxacin is contraindicated in conditions like Heart failure, Bradycardia, Liver diseases, Electrolyte disturbance.
Dosage
Moxifloxacin's dosage details are as follows:
| Dose | Single Dose | Frequency | Route | Instructions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | ||||
| 400 mg | 400 mg | Every 24h | IV | Given over 60 minutes. |
| 400 mg | 400 mg | Every 24h | PO | For 5-10 days in exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. |
| 400 mg | 400 mg | Every 24h | PO | For 10 days in community acquired pneumonia. |
| 400 mg | 400 mg | Every 24h | PO | For 7 days in sinusitis. |
| 0.5 % | 0.5 % | — | Topical | As eye drops for bacterial conjuctivitis |
| Paediatric Dosage (20kg) | ||||
| No data. | ||||
| Neonatal Dosage (3kg) | ||||
| No data. | ||||
Drug Interactions
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of choice that may strictly be required.
Side Effects
Moxifloxacin in overdosage may give rise to further complications which include Hypotension , Hypotension , Hyperglycemia , Dyspnea, Hyperuricemia, Hyperglycemia, Hyperlipidemia.
Moxifloxacin produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Atrial fibrillation, Anaphylactic reactions. Careful monitoring is needed with proper medical management.
Moxifloxacin is known to cause more or less tolerable side effects which are usually transient. These include Abdominal pain, Abnormal LFT, agranulocytosis, arthropathy, Diarrhea, Dizziness, Drowsiness, dyspepsia, Edema, Gynecomastia, Headache, Hemolytic anemia, Hot flushes, Hypersensitivity reactions, Insomnia, Myalgia, Nausea, Pseudomembranous colitis , QT prolongation, Restlessness, Skin rash, Superinfection , Sweating , Syncope , Tachycardia, Taste perversion, Thrombocytopenia, Tremors, Visual disturbances, Vomiting .
Warnings / Precautions
Interference in Pathology
Moxifloxacin may interfere in the diagnosis of Elevation in BUN, Elevated liver enzymes, Elevated serum creatinine.
Available Brands
Storage Conditions
Drug Classification
- 1.6.2.2.2 — Quinolones
- 2.21.1.1 — Antibacterials
Manufacturers
Manufacturers of Moxifloxacin in Pakistan: